Sulfur has six valence electrons in its outermost orbital, giving it the ability to form multiple bonds with other atoms. As a result, sulfur plays an important role in a variety of industries and applications. See the name and how it's di-sulfide? The Aufbau process denotes the method of "building up" each subshell before moving on to the next; we first fill the 2s orbitals before moving to the 2p orbitals. This is because Hund's Rule states that the three electrons in the 2p subshell will fill all the empty orbitals first before filling orbitals with electrons in them. Also check How to draw Bohr model of Sulfur atom. We aim to make complex subjects, like chemistry, approachable and enjoyable for everyone. For neutral atoms, the valence electrons of an atom will be equal to its main periodic group number. Consider the orbital diagram in Model 3. Copyright 2023 - topblogtenz.com. (3). The sulfur electron configuration can be written using either notation, but the orbital notation is more commonly used. We can find valence electrons of an atom either by knowing its periodic group number or its electron configuration. We can write the electron configuration of sulfur using four different methods: #1 Using aufbau principle #2 Using periodic table #3 From its bohr model #4 From its orbital diagram Let's break down each method in detail. 5. Electrons exhibit a negative charge and are found around the nucleus of the atom in electron orbitals, defined as the volume of space in which the electron can be found within 95% probability. The orbital diagram for Sulfur is drawn with 5 orbitals. Orbitals are occupied in a specific order, thus we have to follow this order when assigning electrons. Its electron configuration is as follows: This is a much simpler and more efficient way to portray electron configuration of an atom. The periodic table is used as a reference to accurately write the electron configurations of all atoms. For more information on how electron configurations and the periodic table are linked, visit the Connecting Electrons to the Periodic Table module. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. When sulfur dioxide is released into the atmosphere, it helps to form aerosols that reflect sunlight back into space. We can clearly see that p orbitals are half-filled as there are three electrons and three p orbitals. For example, one of the ways that sulfur impacts the environment is through acid rain. One electron is spin up (ms = +1/2) and the other would spin down (ms = -1/2). Your email address will not be published. Nitrogen orbital diagram and electron configuration, Oxygen orbital diagram and electron configuration, Carbon orbital diagram and electron configuration, Fluorine orbital diagram and electron configuration, Neon orbital diagram and electron configuration, Boron orbital diagram and electron configuration, Sodium orbital diagram and electron configuration, Magnesium orbital diagram and electron configuration, Aluminum orbital diagram and electron configuration, Silicon orbital diagram and electron configuration, Phosphorous orbital diagram and electron configuration, Chlorine orbital diagram and electron configuration, Argon orbital diagram and electron configuration, Potassium orbital diagram and electron configuration, Calcium orbital diagram and electron configuration, Beryllium orbital diagram and electron configuration, Lithium orbital diagram and electron configuration. The reactivity of sulfur is due to its willingness to form multiple bonds; by forming bonds with other atoms, sulfur can stabilize itself and achieve a more thermodynamically stable configuration. However, these bonds are not very stable, and when sulfur is exposed to heat or friction, the bonds break and the atoms rearrange themselves into more thermodynamically stable configurations. Yttrium is the first element in the fourth period d-block; thus there is one electron in that energy level. When assigning electrons to orbitals, an electron first seeks to fill all the orbitals with similar energy (also referred to as degenerate orbitals) before pairing with another electron in a half-filled orbital. The sulfur electron configuration can also be written using ochemberlin terms, which are another way to denote electron orbital levels. Every element on the Periodic Table consists of atoms, which are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. What is sulfur's orbital notation? The 1 orbital and 2 orbital have the characteristics of s orbital (radial nodes, spherical . Orbital notation shows the number of electronics. Vanadium is the transition metal in the fourth period and the fifth group. The electron configuration of an atom is the representation of the arrangement of electrons distributed among the orbital shells and subshells. They can participate in the formation of chemical bonds. 5. When visualizing this processes, think about how electrons are exhibiting the same behavior as the same poles on a magnet would if they came into contact; as the negatively charged electrons fill orbitals they first try to get as far as possible from each other before having to pair up. Sulfur Bohr Model - How to draw Bohr diagram for Sulfur (S), Lithium Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and Valence, Beryllium Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and, Calcium Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and Valence, Potassium Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and, Argon Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and Valence, Chlorine Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and, Phosphorus Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and, Silicon Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and Valence, Aluminum Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and. SN = 2 sp. These are arranged in a trigonal bipyramidal shape with 102 F-S-F bond angles between the equatorial fluorine atoms and 173 between the axial fluorine atoms. One way to remember this pattern, probably the easiest, is to refer to the periodic table and remember where each orbital block falls to logically deduce this pattern. Give the number of valence electrons in an atom of each element A. Cesium. The s-block is the region of the alkali metals including helium (Groups 1 & 2), the d-block are the transition metals (Groups 3 to 12), the p-block are the main group elements from Groups 13 to 18, and the f-block are the lanthanides and actinides series. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1992. An orbital is a region of probability in which the electron can be found. In conclusion, the electron configuration of sulfur has implications for the environment both in terms of acid rain and climate change. The first two electrons in lithium fill the 1 s orbital and have the same sets of four quantum numbers as the two electrons in helium. Each orbital can be represented by specific blocks on the periodic table. The orbital diagram has five boxes with two arrows in the first three and single arrows in the last two. Grab your microscope and lets explore the differences between these two configurations and discuss why sulfur can have different properties depending on its electron configuration. We know the electron configuration of Sulfur is 1s22s22p63s23p4, now for drawing its orbital diagram, we need to show its electrons in form of an arrow in different boxes using Hunds and Paulis exclusion rule. b. iodine d. gallium. Legal. If only one of the ms values are given then we would have 1s1 (denoting hydrogen) if both are given we would have 1s2 (denoting helium). Lower the value of (n + l) for an subshell, the lower its energy, hence, it will be filled first with electrons. Therefore, the electrons in an atom fill the principal energy levels in order of increasing energy (the electrons are getting farther from the nucleus). Explain how sulfur forms its ion. The last electron is in the 3p orbital. Sulfur has a total of 16 electrons and one box can hold up to two electrons. This means that in one orbital there can only be two electrons and they mus have opposite spins. A single orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons, which must have opposing spins; otherwise they would have the same four quantum numbers, which is forbidden. SN = 3 sp. This means that the sulfur atom has two electrons in the 3s orbital and four electrons in the 3p orbitals. Hence, the electrons found in the 3rd shell of the Sulfur atom are its valence electrons because it is the outermost shell also called the valence shell. In a sulfur atom in the ground state, how many orbitals contain only one electron? Because each individual's knowledge of chemistry differs, there are many answers to this question. In your own words describe how to write an electron configuration and why it is an important skill in the study of chemistry. This means that the sulfur atom has two electrons in the first energy level, two electrons in the second energy level, six electrons in the third energy level, and four electrons in the fourth energy level. Video: Sulfur Electron Configuration Notation. SN = 4 sp. Count the number of lone pairs + the number of atoms that are directly attached to the central atom. The sulfur electron configuration is important because it determines how the sulfur atom will interact with other atoms. This is important when describing an electron configuration in terms of the orbital diagrams. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. If you understand the above rules then constructing the orbital diagram or orbital notation for Sulfur is super easy. P orbital contains 3 boxes that can hold a maximum of 6 electrons. See full answer below. It is situated in the P-block of the periodic table. Therefore, we have a diagonal rule for electron filling order in the different subshells using the Aufbau principle. Now, in the S2- ion, the negative charge means, Sulfur gains two electrons. Sulfur is a unique element because it has two different electron configurations, depending on the number of valence electrons. D orbital contains 5 boxes that can hold a maximum of 10 electrons. What is the orbital notation for sulfur Sulfur Electron configuration: Sulfur or sulfur is a chemical element. Therefore, the electrons per shell for Sulfur are 2, 8, 6, hence, we can say, based on the shell, the electronic configuration of the Sulfur atom is [2, 8, 6]. Explain how sulfur forms its ion. This arrangement of electrons around the atom and hybridized orbitals leads to the sp3d hybridization. The team at Topblogtenz includes experts like experienced researchers, professors, and educators, with the goal of making complex subjects like chemistry accessible and understandable for all. This is the electron configuration of helium; it denotes a full s orbital. An orbital diagram, like those shown above, is a visual way to reconstruct the electron configuration by showing each of the separate orbitals and the spins on the electrons. How does sulfurs electron configuration affect its properties? This method of writing configurations is called the noble gas notation, in which the noble gas in the period above the element that is being analyzed is used to denote the subshells that element has filled and after which the valence electrons (electrons filling orbitals in the outer most shells) are written. Therefore the sulfur electron configuration will be 1s22s22p63s23p4. These electron shells hold a specific number of electrons that can be calculated via the 2n2 formula where n represents the shell number. 1s2 + 2s2 + 2p6 + 3s2 + 3p4 = sulfur's orbital notation What three methods are used to represent the arrangements of electrons in atoms? In a Lewis dot diagram, dots are used to represent valence electrons. The sulfur electron configuration is also important for predicting chemical reactions involving sulfur atoms. When sulfur has six valence electrons, it has the electron configuration [Ne]3s23p4. Let's connect through LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vishal-goyal-2926a122b/. How many valence electrons does Sulfur have? Without using a periodic table or any other references, fill in the correct box in the periodic table with the letter of each question. All rights Reserved. Given its wide range of uses, it is clear that sulfur plays an essential role in benefitting humanity. For example, sulfur (S), at its ground state, has 6 valence electrons. The p, d, and f orbitals have different sublevels. Valence electrons are the outermost electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. In this notation, the sulfur electron configuration would be written as 4s2 4p4. When writing an electron configuration, first write the energy level (the period), then the subshell to be filled and the superscript, which is the number of electrons in that subshell. Its important to remember that when passing the 5d and 6d energy levels that one must pass through the f-block lanthanoid and actinoid series. The order of levels filled looks like this: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, and 7p. We know, in general, that the electron configuration of Sulfur (S) is 1s22s22p63s23p4. The energy level is determined by the period and the number of electrons is given by the atomic number of the element. b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d7, d) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p4. When writing the electron configuration for an atom, orbitals are filled in order of increasing atomic number. - can be written using the period table or an electron configuration chart. He holds a degree in B.Tech (Chemical Engineering) and has four years of experience as a chemistry tutor. When it gains two electrons (-2 charge), it has eight electrons, fulfilling the octet. Since 1s can only hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for sulfur go in the 2s orbital. 4. Sulfur tetrafluoride has 5 regions of electron density around the central sulfur atom (4 bonds and one lone pair). Find the electron configuration of the following: a) Find the electron configuration of iodine. The fourth quantum number, which refers to spin, denotes one of two spin directions. What is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4? The first three (n, l, and ml) may be the same, but the fourth quantum number must be different. This is due to its electron configuration. The resulting electron configuration for the Sulfide ion (S2-)will be 1s22s22p63s23p6. The orbital notation of sulfur is shown in Figure 7.15. When representing the configuration of an atom with half filled orbitals, indicate the two half filled orbitals. In this article, we will look at some facts about the electronic configuration of Sulfur including learning how to write the electronic configuration of Sulfur with correct notation and . The sulfur electron configuration can also be represented by a Lewis dot diagram. It looks something like this. An orbital diagram for a ground-state electron configuration of a Sulfur atom is shown below-. You will notice that sulfur has six valence electrons, Four of them in three p, two of them in three s. Sulfur, when it forms an ionic compound, creating its anti on S 2-, will accept two electrons. The valence electrons, electrons in the outermost shell, are the determining factor for the unique chemistry of the element. We know that aluminum completely fills the 1s, 2s, 2p, and 3s orbitals because mathematically this would be 2+2+6+2=12. The next two electrons will go into the 3s orbital, and after that, the remaining four electrons will go into the 3p orbital. That's just one more sulfur than H2S, but it's a totally different compound. That means it has 16 protons and 16 electrons in a neutral atom. What are some of the applications of sulfur electron configuration? To check the answer, verify that the subscripts add up to the atomic number. (a) The element with electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5; (b)A noble gases with f electrons; (c) a fifth-period element whose atoms have three unpaired p electrons; (d) First row transition metals having one 4s electron. We know that the main "tools" we have in writing electron configurations are orbital occupation, the Pauli exclusion principle, Hund's rule, and the Aufbau process. The most common way to describe electron configurations is to write distributions in the spdf notation. How many such electrons does a sulfur atom have? What is sulfur's orbital notation? but, as they are found in different energy levels, they occupy different spaces around the nucleus. Sulfur has the symbol S and It is the tenth most abundant element by mass in the universe and the fifth most on Earth. The orbital diagram will also be filled with the same order as described by the Aufbau principle. Is there anything special about this configuration? Our team covers a wide range of scientific categories, sometimes with complex and elaborate concepts, and aims to provide simple, concise, and easy-to-understand answers to those questions. without it, our world would be a very different place. However, because it is the most time consuming method, it is more common to write or see electron configurations in spdf notation and noble gas notation. The configuration notation provides an easy way for scientists to write and communicate how electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom. On recent discussion concerning quantum justification of the periodic table of the elements. The orbital diagram of Sulfur contains 1s orbital, 2s orbital, 2p orbital, 3s orbital, and 3p orbital. Each arrow represents one electron. The electron configuration of Sulfur can be found using the Aufbau principle. When assigning electrons in orbitals, each electron will first fill all the orbitals with similar energy (also referred to as degenerate) before pairing with another electron in a half-filled orbital. The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers. In this article, we will discuss Sulfur Orbital diagram, Electron configuration, and Valence electrons in detail. The electron configuration for phosphorus is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 and the orbital diagram is drawn below. Oxygen: 1s2s2p. C. Gallium. and explain why each is a key part of the "tool kit" when describing electron configurations. The electron configuration of Sulfur in terms of the shell or orbit is [2, 8, 6]. It is very useful in determining electron. 2.4 Electron Configurations is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. The Aufbau rule simply gives the order of electrons filling in the orbital of an atom in its ground state. This means that the sulfur atom has two electrons in the first energy level, two electrons in the second energy level, six electrons in the third energy level, and four electrons in the fourth energy level. The subshells in sulfur . The noble gases have the most stable electron configurations, and are known for being relatively inert. Web An orbital diagram is similar to electron configuration except that instead of indicating the atoms by total numbers each orbital is shown with up and down arrows to. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. The total number of electrons is the atomic number, Z. Lets see. It is multivalent and nonmetallic in nature. 1. However, for transition metals, the process of finding valence electrons is complicated. 2013 Wayne Breslyn, Method 2: Using the Electron Config. In orbital notation, the sulfur electron configuration would be written as [Ne] 3s2 3p4. (Each box gets one electron first, then start pairing). It has a boiling point of 444.6 C and a melting point of 115.21 C. This makes it easier to understand and predict how atoms will interact to form chemical bonds. Commonly, the electron configuration is used to describe the orbitals of an atom in its ground state, but it can also be used to represent an atom that has ionized into a cation or anion by compensating with the loss of or gain of electrons in their subsequent orbitals. When sulfur dioxide and other compounds containing sulfur are emitted into the atmosphere, they can react with water vapor to form acids. The s subshell has 1 orbital that can hold up to 2 electrons, the p subshell has 3 orbitals that can hold up to 6 electrons, the d subshell has 5 orbitals that hold up to 10 electrons, and the f subshell has 7 orbitals with 14 electrons. The periodic table gives the following electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p65s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p3. Correct answer: Explanation: A noble gas electron configuration is achieved when an atom has an octet electron configuration, indicating its most stable state. F orbital contains 7 boxes that can hold a maximum of 14 electrons. be We know, the electron configuration of the Sulfur atom is 1s22s22p63s23p4, and valence electrons are those electrons found in the outer shell of an atom. Orbitals on different energy levels are similar to each other, but they occupy different areas in space. The noble gas preceding it is argon (Ar, Z=18), and knowing that vanadium has filled those orbitals before it, argon is used as the reference noble gas. The element yttrium (symbolized Y) is a transition metal, found in the fifth period and in Group 3. Try to think of an orbital as a loveseat. Oxygen has one more electron than Nitrogen and as the orbitals are all half filled the electron must pair up. The most common sulfur electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4. Therefore, the next two electrons enter the 2s orbital. 4 ). Remember to make logical connections! When a sulfur atom reacts with other atoms, electrons in orbitals related to the atom's third energy level are involved. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. The orbital diagram for Sulfur is drawn with 5 orbitals. Electron configuration:-Electron configuration is the arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals. A passion for sharing knowledge and a love for chemistry and science drives the team behind the website. The sulfur electron configuration can also be written using ochemberlin terms, which are another way to denote electron orbital levels. Atoms at ground states tend to have as many unpaired electrons as possible. In writing the electron configuration for Sulfur the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. A single orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons, which must have opposing spins; otherwise they would have the same four quantum numbers, which is forbidden. For two different subshells having same (n + l) value, then the subshell with lower value of n has lower energy. - helps chemist understanding how elements form chemical bonds. Now we shall look at the orbitals it will fill: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p. However many is missing that's how many electrons it wants to gain to be complete. Orbital diagrams use the same basic . We'll put six in the 2p orbital and then put the next two electrons in the 3s. Write the complete electron-configuration notation, the noble-gas notation, and the orbital notation for the following elements: a. carbon b. neon c. sulfur. The first three quantum numbers of an electron are n=1, l=0, ml=0. As we already know from our studies of quantum numbers and electron orbitals, we can conclude that these four quantum numbers refer to the 1s subshell. (the "Gold Book"). b) Describe the major concepts (Hunds, Paulietc.) Im curious about the electron configuration and valence electrons. Sulfur has four bonding pairs of electrons and one lone pair, making its total number of regions for electron density 5. When writing electron configurations, orbitals are built up from atom to atom. If we look at the periodic table we can see that its in the p-block as it is in group 13. The three p orbitals are degenerate, so any of these ml values is correct. Answer (1 of 3): Energy levels: 2, 8, 6 Orbitals: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 If you need to fill in the little boxes, here's one for you. This is important because valence electrons contribute to the unique chemistry of each atom. This should also be a straightforward question, and if it seems a little difficult refer to the body of this text about these rules and how they relate to creating an electron configuration. How to find the Electron configuration for any elements? Sulfur's has an atomic number equal to 16, which means that a neutral sulfur atom has a total of 16 electrons surrounding its nucleus. 1.4: Electron Configurations and Electronic Orbital Diagrams (Review) is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. The p, d, and f orbitals have different sublevels, thus can hold more electrons. These acids then fall back to the earths surface in rain, snow, or fog, causing damage to plants, animals, and infrastructure. Therefore, n = 3 and, for a p -type orbital, l = 1. 1) Look at the periodic table to see how many electrons sulfur has In this case, sulfur has 16 electrons that need to be placed into orbitals Image source: Caroline Monahan 2) Looking at our cheat sheet, draw the orbitals one at a time, adding electrons as you go, until you reach a total of 16 electrons Image source: Caroline Monahan Report Share 5 This looks slightly different from spdf notation, as the reference noble gas must be indicated. However, too much sulfur dioxide can cause environmental problems such as acid rain, so it is important to strike a balance. Sulfur: [Ne]3s3p. Electrons exhibit a negative charge and are found around the nucleus of the atom in electron orbitals, defined as the volume of space in which the electron can be found within 95% probability. This process helps to increase the strength and durability of rubber by creating cross-links between the polymer chains. This is why it is sometimes useful to think about electron configuration in terms of the diagram. Aluminum is in the 3rd period and it has an atomic number of Z=13. The Sulfur orbital diagram contains 2 electrons in the 1s orbital, 2 electrons in the 2s orbital, the six electrons in the 2p orbital, the two electrons in the 3s orbital, and the remaining four electrons in the 3p orbital. Se (Selenium) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4. . Electron Configuration Notation: In orbital notation, the sulfur electron configuration would be written as [Ne] 3s2 3p4. An orbital, like a loveseat, can hold up to two occupants, in this case electrons. Hunds rule:-This rule state that each orbital of a given subshell should be filled with one electron each before pairing them. 1s2 + 2s2 + 2p6 + 3s2 + 3p4 = sulfur's orbital notation What is hydrogen's orbital notation? Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6), chlorine trifluoride (ClF 3), the chlorite (ClO 2) ion, and the triiodide (I 3) ion are . S orbital contains 1 box that can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. Sulfur has an atomic number of 16 belongs to Group 16 also known as the Chalcogens family. The periodic table is an incredibly helpful tool in writing electron configurations. After that, the next two electrons will go into the 3s orbital, and the remaining four electrons will enter the 3p orbital, since, the 3p orbital has 3 boxes, so, these electrons will be filled using Hunds rule. It has an orthorhombic crystal structure. 1. orbital. A p orbital can hold 6 electrons. The electronegativity of an element increases as you go down the periodic table, so sulfur is relatively electronegative compared to other elements. There are three rules followed for constructing the orbital diagram for an atom. The electron configuration for sulfur is 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3 s 2 3p 4 and can be . Ostrovsky, V.N. When combined with other elements, it forms a number of different compounds that have a wide range of applications, from gunpowder to rubber vulcanization. Look at the boxes that have missing electrons. The first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital, the next two in the 2s orbital, the next six in the 2p orbital, the next two electrons in the 3s orbital, and the remaining four electrons in the 3p orbital. The valence electrons, electrons in the outermost shell, are the determining factor for the unique chemistry of the element. Configuration irregularities: deviations from the madelung rule and inversion of orbital energy levels. Write the electron configuration for phosphorus and draw the orbital diagram. The order of levels filled looks like this: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, and 7p. Aufbau comes from the German word "aufbauen" meaning "to build." Legal. 1s orbital contains 1 box, 2s orbital also contains 1 box, 2p orbital contains 3 boxes, 3s orbital contains 1 box and 3p orbital contains 3 boxes. As always, refer to the periodic table. This is because Hund's Rule states that the three electrons in the 2p subshell will fill all the empty orbitals first before filling orbitals with electrons in them. The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers. indium An element has the ground-state electron configuration [Kr]5s4d5p. As stated, the electron configuration of each element is unique to its position on the periodic table. This is the steric number (SN) of the central atom.
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sulfur orbital notation